This study describes the first experimental model of mycoplasma-induced uveitis. Inoculation of this infectious agent into the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye results in the production of a nongranulomatous uveitis which may remain confined to the anterior segment and clear completely, or spread to the choroid to involve the eye in severe panuveitis for four to five weeks, ultimately leaving some eyes with partial or total retinal detachments. Serial anterior chamber aspirations revealed living mycoplasma in the eyes until the seventh day. Antibody titers showed a low but definite rise in systemic levels over a four-week period.