Birch and coauthors investigated how amblyopia might affect self-perception in children aged 3 to 7 years. In a cross-sectional study, 60 children with amblyopia had lower peer acceptance and physical competence scores derived from the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children compared with 20 controls; among the children with amblyopia, self-perception of physical competence was correlated with aiming and catching skills as well as stereoacuity. These findings suggest lower self-perception of peer acceptance and physical competence may identify the broad effects of altered visual development for children with amblyopia.
Audio Author Interview
Ismail and coauthors evaluate the association between dry eye disease and migraine headaches. In this population-based case-control study of 72 969 patients, the odds of having dry eye disease with a diagnosis of migraine headaches was at least 20% higher than that of individuals without a diagnosis of migraine headaches. Although this association may not reflect cause and effect if unidentified confounders account for the findings, these results suggest that patients with migraine headaches may be at risk of carrying a comorbid diagnosis of dry eye disease.
Continuing Medical Education
Xu and coauthors look at the association of tumor (T) category for eyelid squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) according to the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, eighth edition (AJCC 8), with local recurrence, nodal metastasis, and disease-specific survival. In this cohort study including 109 patients with eyelid and periocular SCC, T category differed between the seventh and eighth editions of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual in 33 patients (30.3%). Clinical stage of T2c or worse in the AJCC 8 was associated with higher risk of nodal metastasis and worse disease-specific survival, and distant metastasis was associated with nodal metastasis at presentation. These results suggest that tumors of clinical stage T2c or worse are associated with risk of nodal metastasis and worse disease-specific survival.
Tisdale and coauthors for the Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group investigates if calcium intake is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this post hoc exploratory secondary analysis of randomized clinical trial participants, baseline calcium intake was found to be associated with AMD. Specifically, participants with the highest intake of dietary calcium had a lower risk of developing late AMD and geographic atrophy than those in the lowest quintile. The participants in the highest intake of supplementary calcium had a lower risk of developing neovascular AMD compared with those who did not take supplements. Despite these protective associations of dietary and supplementary calcium, the results should be considered hypothesis generating, requiring validation with further investigations.
Invited Commentary
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