Introduction
The management of aging facial skin by the mere removal of the redundant tissue (face-lift operation), as described in (face-lift books and journals, resolves only half of the problem. Our experience has proved to us that no operation limited to the excision or movement of skin en masse can efface the wrinkles over the forehead, glabella, nasolabial region, and around the mouth, chin, and neck despite the most radical undermining (even down to the clavicle). The other half of the problem—the removal of the wrinkles (rhytidectomy)—is equally important but has received little or no attention in the literature. If the result is to be acceptable, both procedures must be carried out simultaneously. This one may prove for himself29 by making a drawing of an aged person and blocking out the redundant tissue. The age is still betrayed by the remaining wrinkles. Conversely, if the wrinkles only are removed,