Objective: To determine the accuracy of the fluorodeoxyglucose F18–positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scan in the evaluation of thyroid nodules in which fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytopathology is classified as “indeterminate,” ie, either follicular or Hürthle cell lesion.
Methods: At an academic medical center, we conducted a prospective, pilot study of 15 patients with thyroid nodules in whom adequate FNA was diagnosed as “indeterminate.” All patients underwent a whole-body FDG-PET/CT scan followed by thyroidectomy. Preoperative FDG-PET/CT results and the histopathology of the surgical specimen were compared and statistically analyzed.