The application of vaccines locally in the treatment of diseases of the nose, throat and ear, should appeal to the otolaryngologist. It has been our experience that vaccines applied hypodermically, whether they have been autogenous vaccines or heterogenous combinations manufactured by a commercial concern, have not met with the desired success. It has always seemed to me that, in our special field, it was often a question of luck whenever the result we were looking for was attained.
It was only during the past summer that my attention was called to the amazing results attained by Professor Besredka,1 of the Pasteur Institute of Paris, in the prevention of typhoid fever by the local administration of typhoid vaccine. It would be beyond the scope of this paper to go into details. Like all great discoveries, Professor Besredka came on this one by accident. He had been experimenting with