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PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF LARYNGOTRACHEAL DYSPNEA. DR. H. MARSCHIK.
Physiology.—The pendulum movement theory of respiration of Johannes Mueller is disputed today. According to Hering and Breuer, the expiration impulse results from the expansion reflex, which is carried over centripetal vagus fibers ; likewise, expiratory contraction leads to an inspiratory impulse. No inspiratory stimulus is released from the atelectatic lung (Loewy). Integrity of the respiratory center is necessary. Inspiration is also influenced by the carbon dioxide tension in the alveoli and by the temperature and dryness of the inspired air, but expiration is passive (Hofbauer). The rhythm is centrally regulated by metabolic products of the nerve cells themselves rather than directly by the carbon dioxide tension of the blood. Under all circumstances, rest takes place only at the end of expiration. The nasal mucosa also furnishes impulses of a regulatory and stimulating nature, via the trigeminus, vagus and sympathetic, which are not