The instruments presented for your consideration are the result of about ten years' experience in bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy, including work in city, county and private hospitals. During this period there has been no curtailment or lack of the necessary standard equipment of either American or European design, i.e., instruments made by Jackson, Bruenings and Kahler. Each of these instruments has particular features and claims to superiority, which may, or may not, appeal to the individual examiner.
The Jackson instruments require, first, that a U-shaped, distally illuminated laryngoscopic spatula be introduced in order to expose the larynx, often with no small degree of upward pull, or pressure, to overcome the resistance of the tongue and the tenseness of the muscles. The bronchoscopic tubes are inserted through the spatula; the spatula is then removed, the tubes being left in place. If for