Rhinoplasty in its early stage had a purely reparative indication for traumatic disfigurement. Since Joseph developed the basic principles of intranasal technic, plastic surgery of the nose has been practiced frequently for preformed cosmetic reasons alone. The experience of the present day teaches that a good cosmetic result can be achieved only by restoring perfect physiologic function of the nose. Therefore the physiology and the morphology of the nose share equally in importance.
The trend of modern plastic surgery is to avoid damage to structures not directly involved in the operative procedure. This principle applies especially to the fine muscles of expression which are situated on or about the nose. It has been sinned against frequently in the past. Any separation in any layer not absolutely necessary for the surgical attack will result in a layer of scar tissue with impairment of function of the organs adjacent to the layer