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This thesis encompasses a complete review of present day knowledge of deafness. In the first chapter Penha presents a historical review of all etiopathologic factors of otosclerosis. The second chapter deals with surgery. The technics of all prominent surgeons are given in great detail. These are profusely amplified by clearly descriptive illustrations and color plates. Many modifications are described, including the author's technique. Chapter 3 deals with medical treatment, and future experimental problems are discussed in chapter 4. A whole chapter is devoted to the question of Ménière's syndrome and its relation to otosclerosis. There is a fine summary (in four languages) emphasizing the most significant features of the presentation. Lastly, there is a most extensive bibliography. All in all, this book is one of the most valuable presentations and should be a "must" for every otologist, particularly for those who are interested in otosclerosis.