The creation of an esthetic profile in cosmetic rhinoplasty not infrequently demands the formation of an adequate frontonasal angle. The contour which comprises the end-result of simple rhinoplasty in its relation to the frontonasal angle historically permits some distinctly varying preferences based on cultural background. The desired contour will, of course, vary with eachperson. Variations also exist which are based on the particular preferences of different cultural groups. For example, in many Near Eastern countries, profiles with little or no frontonasal angles are admired, and postoperative results, although highly satisfactory to them, do not entirely fulfill our esthetic standards. Ideal profiles, again, have found their variations in different eras. A "Grecian profile" or a "Roman nose" may have been desirable at one time. It is not necessarily the model now for the esthetic profile (Fig. 1).
Holden states that Dr. Jaques Joseph did extensive research in order to obtain good