A surgical approach in cats was devised to alter basilar artery blood flow making one inner ear dependent on carotid artery circulation, the other on the vertebral arteries. Streptomycin sulfate was then infused into the carotid arteries. Three out of ten cats developed unilateral vestibular ablation with preservation of cochlear function. The remaining cats suffered either bilateral losses or other ill effects of the procedure. Modifications of this technique, to make selective arterial infusions with vestibulotoxic drugs applicable to man for the treatment of Meniere's disease, remain theoretical.