Radiology Quiz Case 1: Diagnosis

Diagnosis: Second branchial cleft fistula

Branchial cleft anomalies, which result from incomplete obliteration of the branchial cleft in the embryological period, are occasionally seen in clinical practice. They may occur in any age group but are most common in the first 2 decades of life. Ninety-five percent of abnormalities of the branchial cleft apparatus arise from the second branchial cleft.¹ Branchial cysts are more common (75% of branchial anomalies) than fistulas and sinuses.