EMBRYOLOGY AND ANATOMY
Anomalies and Malformations.—In a recent paper by the late Prof. Franklin P. Mall63 it is calculated that the ratio of abortions to full-term births is about 1 to 4. And also that the frequency of localized anomalies in abortions is 7.5 per cent.; and that localized anomalies should be noted about twelve times as frequently as full term monsters. Studies seem to justify the conclusion that "pathologic embryos, as well as those which are normal in form, are very frequently associated with localized anomalies and that abortion usually follows as a result of serious lesions in the chorion, as well as in its environment. Should the alterations in the embryo and in the chorion be very slight, and the condition of the uterine mucous membrane, which may be expressed by the term inflammation, be overcome, the pregnancy in all probability would