In reviewing the literature on pyelitis in the new-born, I found little information on the subject.
The first case report was made by Kovalesky and Moro1 in which they report two cases, the youngest patient, aged 8 days, died on the eleventh day of Bacillus coli septicemia; Smith2 reports two patients under 2 weeks of age; Helmholz3 reported three cases, and says that at that time he found only one report in the literature, that of Kovalesky and Moro; later he reports an additional case in Abt's Pediatrics.4 In this article he states "Pyelitis of the new-born is worthy of special mention because it is more common than is supposed and has received little attention in the textbooks. It is overlooked at this time, as in later years, because urinalyses are not performed. An unexplained fever occurring in the first two weeks of life may be