The purpose of this work was to ascertain the fate of the infants who had been infected with tuberculosis during the first two to two and a half years of life. Until recently, the generally accepted opinion was that the presence of a tuberculous lesion in the infant's organism or even the presence of a positive tuberculin reaction without any demonstrable lesion was practically synonymous with death. Modern textbooks on pediatrics still express this view. Holt.1 in "Diseases of Infancy and Childhood," wrote: "Under one year a positive reaction (tuberculin) usually indicates an active tuberculous process. Many have taken the ground that an infant under one year with a positive reaction is doomed. We do not believe the outlook quite so hopeless; but such a reaction is certainly of serious import." Porter and Carter,2 in their book, "Management of the Sick Infant," wrote: "Recovery from the disease when