Recently Bigler and Brennemann1 have reported ten cases of "sepsis with leukopenia" in children. They believe that this disease is a clinical entity characterized as follows: gradual onset, fairly short course with fatal termination, fever, severe anemia, petechial hemorrhages with a low platelet count and leukopenia with a decrease in granulocytic cells. An excellent discussion of the differential diagnosis of aleukemia. leukemia and other blood diseases showing a somewhat similar picture is given in this paper. The present case is being reported not only because of the rarity of the condition, but because our patient has been under careful observation in an earlier stage of the disease than in the cases previously reported. Roberts and Krache2 have recently reported a carefully observed case of agranulocytosis in an adult, in which daily blood counts were made through two successive attacks of the disease. They have presented evidence from other