Prior to the introduction of insulin, diet was practically the sole factor in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The principle of treatment in the later portion of the preinsulin period was induction of marked undernutrition1 and employment of diets high in fat and low in carbohydrate.2 Since 1922 there has been a gradual transition in most parts of the country toward use of what might be termed normal or average diets. In fact, the aim of treatment of diabetic children has changed from mere prolongation of life to maintenance of adequate growth and normal activity. There are, however, distinct differences of opinion regarding the qualitative and quantitative content of the diet. In the main, the tendency has been toward a more liberal allowance of carbohydrate. Credit for this is due largely to Sansum,3 Geyelin4 and Adlersberg and Porges.5 With increased feeding of carbohydrate these observers,