Earlier reports from this institution have described the lessening of dental caries observable in children whose diets have been supervised because of metabolic or digestive disorder.1 Recently, the data have been reviewed so as to permit statistical evaluation. This report is one of a series based on the review. It is designed to cover only limited aspects of the problem and is supplemented by other reports already published or in preparation. The studies were made between the years 1926 and 1937, while Charles L. Drain, D.D.S.,2 then professor of pedodontics and director of the children's dental clinic in the hospital, and I were collaborating jointly. The largest group of children studied comprised those who were under supervision because of diabetes mellitus. Over 200 such children were observed for various lengths of time during the designated period of years. Because of the recognition of the error inherent in short