Health care professionals must balance the harms and costs of tests and treatments against the potential benefits in order to provide high-value, cost-conscious care.1 Clinical researchers, in turn, identify the diagnostic tests, treatments, delivery systems, and clinical pathways that will provide an evidence-based foundation for patient care. Unfortunately, despite a growing recognition of the economic stressors in medical education systems2 and an awareness that instructional approaches vary in their effectiveness,3-5 the paradigm of value has been applied in only a limited fashion to medical education.6