Moving Beyond Symptom Remission to Optimize Long-term Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric conditions; it affects millions of youth in the United States. The disorder is a significant public health challenge because it independently increases risk for a wide range of adverse social and health outcomes, including substance use and other psychiatric conditions, obesity, educational underattainment, incarceration, and even premature mortality.¹ The cost of illness for ADHD has been estimated to be in the tens of billions of dollars annually in the United States alone.²