Health care–associated infections are an important source of serious morbidity and mortality for all patients, especially for critically ill neonates. As many as 31% of infants who survive longer than 48 hours in a high-risk nursery acquire a health care–associated infection.1,2 Survival of increasingly young neonates has brought more profound immune system immaturity, more frequent use of invasive life-saving interventions, and even greater vulnerability to health care–associated infections.