PULMONARY alveolar proteinosis was first described in 27 patients by Rosen et al.1 Since then, more than 100 adult cases have been documented. One of the initially reported 27 cases was a 2½-year-old boy. Rosen,2 in a subsequent study, included a 7-year-old girl whose medical course was not specified. In 1963, Udani and Mukerji3 reported a 3-year-old Indian boy with tuberculous meningitis and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Stansifer and Bourgeois4 performed detailed histochemical studies on the lipoproteinaceous alveolar material from an 8-month-old girl. Three more cases were recently added by Wilkinson et al.5 Two of their patients were only 3 months old, representing the youngest patients reported. Radiographic changes of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in two other children were illustrated by Felson6 and McAlister and Gleason.7 Our patient apparently represents the seventh completely described pediatric case of the ten reported and the first pediatric case