To the Editor.—The paper by Seeler and Hahn (Amer J Dis Child118:553-558, 1969) refers to earlier reports of jaundice with neonatal urinary infection, presumably without intending to include all previous reports of what may have been a recognized clinical association for a good many years. The first report that I know of was that by Delaney1 describing autopsy findings on three infants with omphalitis, pyelonephritis, and kernicterus. In the following year, I reported2 two infants with jaundice and anemia accompanying coliform urinary infection; the anemia was attributed to septic hemolysis; some similar cases seen in the same year had positive blood cultures for Escherichia coli. Later that year, Bernstein and Brown's3 initial report appeared in your Journal but did not mention anemia. Not all subsequent accounts of this condition have mentioned or stressed the occurrence of anemia so clearly shown in six of the