A questionnaire designed to test knowledge of streptococcal disease and its management was administered to 272 young physicians in training, almost all of whom were interns, early in the internship year. The results indicate that comprehension of basic and clinical streptococcal microbiology and knowledge of acceptable therapeutic measures are far less than satisfactory in this group. Consequently, responsibility for ensuring that such knowledge is transmitted to young physicians falls in part on internship educational programs.