The present review is intended to acquaint the practicing physician with current concepts of dyslexia. The literature indicates that the manifestations and cause of this disorder remain ambiguous, and the dyslexic child may never become completely free of reading difficulty. Nevertheless, appropriate pedagogic procedures are available that allow the child to acquire basic reading skills. Attention to emotional components of the problem is a necessary adjunct to remedial tuition. The physician can play an important role as a member of an interdisciplinary group in identifying dyslexic children and in making recommendations to the schools. He can also serve as a counselor to the dyslexic child and his family, informing them of the nature of the disorder, advising them of appropriate management, and offering them his support.