September 2023, Vol 177, No. 9, Pages 877-985

Viewpoint

Probiotics in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit—A Framework for Optimizing Product Standards

Andi L. Shane, MD, MPH, MSc; Geoffrey A. Preidis, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):879-880. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2165

This Viewpoint outlines a framework for optimizing probiotic product stringency and use in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Documenting Psychosocial Problems in Children’s Electronic Health Records

Howard Dubowitz, MD, MS; Susan J. Kressly, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):881-882. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2380

This Viewpoint describes why knowledge of a child’s environment is critical for optimal care and why it is important that this information be documented in a child’s electronic health record.

On My Mind

What Does It Feel Like?

Nicole Kucine, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):883. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2109

This essay poem offers a glimpse of daily life as a pediatrician in hematology/oncology through encounters with young patients.

Editorial

Artificial Intelligence and Pediatric Care

Call for Papers on Artificial Intelligence Applied to Pediatric Care

Aaron E. Carroll, MD, MS; Dimitri A. Christakis, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):884-885. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2367

COVID-19 in Children—Learning From the Past, Planning for the Future

Kathleen Chiotos, MD, MSCE; Julie C. Fitzgerald, MD, PhD, MSCE

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):885-887. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2354

Preterm Prenatal Education—A Novel Approach

Amelia Q. Schuyler, MD, MPH; Waldemar A. Carlo, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):887-889. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2569

Adolescent Mental Health

Disaggregating Racial and Ethnic Data to Examine Intersectional Identities, Bias-Based Bullying, and Mental Health

Chardée A. Galán, PhD; Alison J. Culyba, MD, PhD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):889-891. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2393

Plain Language Formatting of Health Advice Messages May Help to Increase Accessibility and Understanding Through More Elaboration and Processing of the Message

Lyn M. van Swol, PhD; Chen-Ting Chang, MA

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):892-893. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2698

Original Investigation

Effectiveness and Costs of Molecular Screening and Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis to Prevent Preterm Birth: The AuTop Randomized Clinical Trial

Florence Bretelle, MD, PhD; Sandrine Loubière, PhD; Raoul Desbriere, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):894-902. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2250

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the clinical and economic effects of point-of-care quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction screen and treat for bacterial vaginosis in low-risk pregnant women on preterm birth.

Adolescent Mental Health

Effect of a Gun Safety Video on Children’s Behavior Around Real Guns: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sophie L. Kjærvik, MA; Brad J. Bushman, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):903-910. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2397

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of a gun safety video on children’s behavior around real guns following exposure to violent movies with vs without guns.

Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Vaccine in Children and Adolescents in India: A Phase 2-3 Randomized Clinical Trial

Bhagwat Gunale, MD; Dhananjay Kapse, MD; Sonali Kar, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):911-920. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2552

This phase 2-3 randomized clinical trial evaluates the noninferiority of SII-NVX-CoV2373 in children and adolescents compared with adults and the safety of SII-NVX-CoV2373 compared with placebo.

Smartphone-Based Video Antenatal Preterm Birth Education: The Preemie Prep for Parents Randomized Clinical Trial

Kathryn E. Flynn, PhD; Siobhan M. McDonnell, MS; Ruta Brazauskas, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access has multimedia

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):921-929. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.1586

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of the Preemie Prep for Parents program on parental knowledge of preterm birth, preparation for decision-making, and parent anxiety.

Association Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Early Childhood Development

Koryu Sato, MPH; Taiyo Fukai, PhD; Keiko K. Fujisawa, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access has audio

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):930-938. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2096

This cohort study examined the association between COVID-19 and early childhood development in Japanese children.

Audio Editors' Summary: Community Health Worker Home Visiting and Birth Outcomes Among Medicaid Recipients; Association Between COVID-19 and Early Childhood Development

Community Health Worker Home Visiting, Birth Outcomes, Maternal Care, and Disparities Among Birthing Individuals With Medicaid Insurance

Cristian I. Meghea, PhD; Jennifer E. Raffo, MA; Xiao Yu, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):939-946. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2310

This study assesses the association of participation in a home visiting program with adverse birth outcomes and maternal care vs usual care among birthing individuals with Medicaid.

Audio Editors' Summary: Community Health Worker Home Visiting and Birth Outcomes Among Medicaid Recipients; Association Between COVID-19 and Early Childhood Development

Pediatric Hospitalizations and ICU Admissions Due to COVID-19 and Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 in England

Joseph L. Ward, PhD; Rachel Harwood, PhD; Simon Kenny, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):947-955. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2357

This cohort study evaluates risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents in England during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Plain Language vs Standard Format for Youth Understanding of COVID-19 Recommendations: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Lisa Stallwood, MSc; Adrian Sammy, BMSc; Matthew Prebeg, BSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):956-965. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2686

This randomized clinical trial evaluates a plain language recommendation format vs a standard language version for understanding COVID-19 health recommendations among youths.

JAMA Pediatrics Patient Page

What Parents Should Know About Bugs and Bug Repellents

Emily J. Henderson, MD; Jennifer N. Rutt, MD; Laurie W. Albertini, MD

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):985. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2370

This Patient Page describes how to protect children against insect bites, how to choose a bug repellent, and tips for applying bug repellent.

Research Letter

Patterns of Outpatient Follow-up Visits After Hospitalizations for Acute Bronchiolitis

Daniel J. Shapiro, MD; Ann Chen Wu, MD, MPH; Adam L. Hersh, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):966-967. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2112

This cohort study examines the associations of posthospitalization follow-up with emergency department visits, readmissions, and use of nonrecommended medications among children with bronchiolitis.

Population-Based Incidence of Influenza-Associated Serious Neuropsychiatric Events in Children and Adolescents

James W. Antoon, MD, PhD, MPH; Derek J. Williams, MD, MPH; Jean Bruce, BS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):967-969. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2304

This cohort study assesses the incidence of influenza-associated serious neuropsychiatric events among US children and adolescents.

Prevalence and Trends in Diagnosed Learning Disability Among US Children and Adolescents From 1997 to 2021

Yanmei Li, MM; Qian Li, MM; Juan Zheng, MM; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):969-972. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2117

This cross-sectional study uses data from the National Health Interview Survey to examine the prevalence of and trends in diagnosed learning disability among US children and adolescents from 1997 to 2021.

Adolescent Mental Health

Characterizing Racial Disparities in Emergency Department Pediatric Physical Restraint by Sex and Age

Destiny G. Tolliver, MD, MHS; Molly A. Markowitz, MD; Kristen E. Obiakor, MD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):972-975. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2300

This cross-sectional study evaluates racial disparities in physical restraint use in US emergency departments.

Adolescent Mental Health

Bias-Based Bullying and Elevated Depressive Symptoms Among Sexual and Gender–Diverse Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Adolescents

G. Nic Rider, PhD; Amy L. Gower, PhD; Hyemin Lee, PhD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):975-977. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2388

This cross-sectional study analyzes data from 2 statewide school surveys to document the experiences of sexual and gender minoritized Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander students in grades 9 through 12 who reported bullying related to their identity.

Performance of a Large Language Model on Practice Questions for the Neonatal Board Examination

Kristyn Beam, MD, MPH; Puneet Sharma, MD; Bhawesh Kumar, BS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Pediatr. 2023;177(9):977-979. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.2373

This Diagnostic/Prognostic Study evaluates the performance of a large language model in generating answers to practice questions for the neonatal-perinatal board examination.

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