Preschool Micronutrient Supplementation Effects on Intellectual and Motor Function in School-aged Nepalese Children
In a follow-up study of children aged 7 to 9 years, Murray-Kolb et alArticle found that there appeared to be no long-term beneficial effect of supplementation from 12 to 35 months of age with iron plus folic acid or zinc on intellectual, executive, and motor function.
Influence of Prenatal and Postnatal Growth on Intellectual Functioning in School-aged Children
This long-term follow-up study by Pongcharoen et alArticle found that physical growth in both weight and length in the first 4 months of life, and to a lesser extent in late infancy and at birth, was associated with IQ at 9 years of age.
Maternal Perceptions of Toddler Body Size: Accuracy and Satisfaction Differ by Toddler Weight Status
Most mothers are inaccurate in assessing their toddler's body weight, according to a cross-sectional study by Hager et alArticle. This is especially true of mothers of overweight toddlers, 82% of whom were satisfied with their child's body size. This suggests that many mothers perceive heavy toddlers as normative.
Persistence of Underweight Status Among Late Preterm Infants
Goyal et alArticle found that children born late preterm (34-36 weeks' gestation) were at increased risk for being underweight at 6 and 12 months of age compared with full-term infants. This was found to be independent of being born small for gestational age.
Risk of Bottle-feeding for Rapid Weight Gain During the First Year of Life
Compared with infants fed at the breast, infants fed only by bottle gained 89 g more per month if fed exclusively breast milk or 71 g more if fed exclusively formula. Li et alArticle found infant weight gain appears to be associated not only with type of milk consumed but also with mode of milk delivery.
Selective Protection Against Extremes in Childhood Body Size, Abdominal Fat Deposition, and Fat Patterning in Breastfed Children
This study by Crume et alArticle provides evidence that breastfeeding selectively improves the body mass index, fat deposition, and fat patterning among infants. These data support the notion that early postnatal life has long-term influences on growth and obesity-related disease risk.
WIC Participation and Attenuation of Stress-Related Child Health Risks of Household Food Insecurity and Caregiver Depressive Symptoms
Participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) were less likely to report household food insecurity and depressive symptoms compared with nonparticipants. Black et alArticle found participation in WIC attenuated the negative relationship between stressors and child health.
Differences in Nutrient Intake Associated With State Laws Regarding Fat, Sugar, and Caloric Content of Competitive Foods
Students in California, a state with competitive food laws for schools, had a lower intake of fat, sugar, and total calories at school compared with states without such nutritional standards. Taber et alArticle also found that California students did not compensate for consuming less within school by consuming more elsewhere.
Potential Nutritional and Economic Effects of Replacing Juice With Fruit in the Diets of Children in the United States
For children who consume juice, replacement of all juice servings with fresh, whole fruit would lead to a projected reduction of 56 calories per day, at a projected increase in food costs of $0.54 per day, Monsivais and RehmArticle found. This could reduce body weight by more than 2.3 kg per year.
Associations of Television Viewing With Eating Behaviors in the 2009 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study
Among grade 6 to 10 students, television viewing was inversely related to intake of fruit and vegetables as well as positively related to intake of candy and fast foods and skipping breakfast. Lipsky and IannottiArticle reported efforts to reduce television viewing or modify the nutritional content of advertised foods may lead to substantial improvements in adolescents' diets.
Novel Lipid-Based Approaches to Pediatric Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease
While much attention has been devoted to the potential role of intravenous lipid emulsions in the development of intestinal failure–associated liver disease, there is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of novel therapies as standard of care in children with no or early liver disease, Diamond et alArticle found.