Nabi-Burza and colleagues conducted a cluster randomized clinical trial of parental tobacco treatment in pediatric primary care settings. After the initial intervention implementation, 44% of parents received cessation assistance in intervention practices compared with fewer than 1% in control practices. Over the 2-year study period, intervention practices had a 2.7% decrease in the smoking rate in parents compared with a 1.1% increase in control practices.
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Green and colleagues conducted a prospective birth cohort study of fluoride exposure during pregnancy and found that it was associated with lower IQ scores in children aged 3 to 4 years.
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Shaikh and colleagues conducted a post hoc analysis of data from 2 studies and found that the odds of renal scarring after a second febrile infection were approximately 12 times greater than after a single febrile infection.
Editorial
Parker and colleagues conducted a cohort study of very low-birth-weight infants treated in 802 US hospitals in the Vermont Oxford Network from 2008 to 2017 and found that the provision of human milk at hospital discharge increased overall but lags in the South and among non-Hispanic black and Native American populations; the results were robust to adjustment.