• Children of mentally ill mothers (N = 21), believed to be at risk for the subsequent development of psychopathology (highrisk group) were compared with children of well mothers (N = 21) (low-risk group) on the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT). Results indicated that children in the high-risk group perform less well than low-risk children on the EFT (particularly on the more difficult stimuli), but do not differ from low-risk children on the PPVT. These results are interpreted as showing greater impairment of attention among children of mentally ill mothers than among children of well mothers.