Rosenberg and colleagues1 first proposed the use of nonabsorbable oral antibiotic preparation (OAB) for colorectal surgery in 1971. In a randomized clinical trial, they demonstrated a reduction in surgical site infection and anastomotic leak rates after combined mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and 1 or 2 nonabsorbable oral antibiotics (phthalylsulphathiazole and phthalylsulphathiazole and neomycin, respectively) compared with MBP alone.