Of 89 previously reported cases of patients with superior mesenteric artery aneurysm, which was predominantly mycotic, 15 have survived treatment. The second case of survival following operation for rupture of a nonsyphilitic or mycotic aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery is reported. The aneurysm was located in the retropancreatic portion of the artery and "clip obliterative aneurysmorrhaphy" was the treatment employed. Abdominal apoplexy during an emotional crisis in a hypertensive woman aroused suspicion of visceral artery aneurysmal rupture. Prompt preoperative selective visceral angiography is advised in such circumstances.